Introduction

Network programming in Go (Golang) is accessible, powerful, and fun. This guide dives into the intricacies of network programming, covering protocols, TCP/UDP sockets, concurrency, and more, all enriched with detailed comments.

Key Concepts

1. Networking Protocols

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): Ensures reliable data delivery.
UDP (User Datagram Protocol): Faster but doesn’t guarantee data delivery.

2. Sockets

TCP Sockets: Used for connection-oriented communication.
UDP Sockets: Used for connectionless communication.

3. Concurrency

Goroutines: Allow parallelism in your code.
Channels: Used for communication between goroutines.

Examples

Example 1: TCP Server and Client

A TCP server and client example demonstrate the basics of TCP communication.

Server

package main

import (
 "net"
 "fmt"
)

func main() {
 // Listen on TCP port 8080 on all available unicast and
 // any unicast IP addresses.
 listen, err := net.Listen("tcp", ":8080")
 if err != nil {
 fmt.Println(err)
 return
 }
 defer listen.Close()

 // Infinite loop to handle incoming connections
 for {
 conn, err := listen.Accept()
 if err != nil {
 fmt.Println(err)
 continue
 }
 // Launch a new goroutine to handle the connection
 go handleConnection(conn)
 }
}

func handleConnection(conn net.Conn) {
 defer conn.Close()
 buffer := make([]byte, 1024)
 // Read the incoming connection into the buffer.
 _, err := conn.Read(buffer)
 if err != nil {
 fmt.Println(err)
 return
 }
 // Send a response back to the client.
 conn.Write([]byte("Received: " + string(buffer)))
}

Client

package main

import (
 "net"
 "fmt"
)

func main() {
 // Connect to the server at localhost on port 8080.
 conn, err := net.Dial("tcp", "localhost:8080")
 if err != nil {
 fmt.Println(err)
 return
 }
 defer conn.Close()…

Advanced Network Programming in GoLang